edu.emory.mathcs.backport.java.util.concurrent

Interface ScheduledExecutorService

public interface ScheduledExecutorService extends ExecutorService

An ExecutorService that can schedule commands to run after a given delay, or to execute periodically.

The schedule methods create tasks with various delays and return a task object that can be used to cancel or check execution. The scheduleAtFixedRate and scheduleWithFixedDelay methods create and execute tasks that run periodically until cancelled.

Commands submitted using the Executor and ExecutorService submit methods are scheduled with a requested delay of zero. Zero and negative delays (but not periods) are also allowed in schedule methods, and are treated as requests for immediate execution.

All schedule methods accept relative delays and periods as arguments, not absolute times or dates. It is a simple matter to transform an absolute time represented as a java.util.Date to the required form. For example, to schedule at a certain future date, you can use: schedule(task, date.getTime() - System.currentTimeMillis(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS). Beware however that expiration of a relative delay need not coincide with the current Date at which the task is enabled due to network time synchronization protocols, clock drift, or other factors. The Executors class provides convenient factory methods for the ScheduledExecutorService implementations provided in this package.

Usage Example

Here is a class with a method that sets up a ScheduledExecutorService to beep every ten seconds for an hour:
 import static edu.emory.mathcs.backport.java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.*;
 class BeeperControl {
    private final ScheduledExecutorService scheduler =
       Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(1);

    public void beepForAnHour() {
        final Runnable beeper = new Runnable() {
                public void run() { System.out.println("beep"); }
            };
        final ScheduledFuture<?> beeperHandle =
            scheduler.scheduleAtFixedRate(beeper, 10, 10, SECONDS);
        scheduler.schedule(new Runnable() {
                public void run() { beeperHandle.cancel(true); }
            }, 60 * 60, SECONDS);
    }
 }
 

Since: 1.5

Author: Doug Lea

Method Summary
ScheduledFutureschedule(Runnable command, long delay, TimeUnit unit)
Creates and executes a one-shot action that becomes enabled after the given delay.
ScheduledFutureschedule(Callable callable, long delay, TimeUnit unit)
Creates and executes a ScheduledFuture that becomes enabled after the given delay.
ScheduledFuturescheduleAtFixedRate(Runnable command, long initialDelay, long period, TimeUnit unit)
Creates and executes a periodic action that becomes enabled first after the given initial delay, and subsequently with the given period; that is executions will commence after initialDelay then initialDelay+period, then initialDelay + 2 * period, and so on.
ScheduledFuturescheduleWithFixedDelay(Runnable command, long initialDelay, long delay, TimeUnit unit)
Creates and executes a periodic action that becomes enabled first after the given initial delay, and subsequently with the given delay between the termination of one execution and the commencement of the next.

Method Detail

schedule

public ScheduledFuture schedule(Runnable command, long delay, TimeUnit unit)
Creates and executes a one-shot action that becomes enabled after the given delay.

Parameters: command the task to execute delay the time from now to delay execution unit the time unit of the delay parameter

Returns: a ScheduledFuture representing pending completion of the task and whose get() method will return null upon completion

Throws: RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be scheduled for execution NullPointerException if command is null

schedule

public ScheduledFuture schedule(Callable callable, long delay, TimeUnit unit)
Creates and executes a ScheduledFuture that becomes enabled after the given delay.

Parameters: callable the function to execute delay the time from now to delay execution unit the time unit of the delay parameter

Returns: a ScheduledFuture that can be used to extract result or cancel

Throws: RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be scheduled for execution NullPointerException if callable is null

scheduleAtFixedRate

public ScheduledFuture scheduleAtFixedRate(Runnable command, long initialDelay, long period, TimeUnit unit)
Creates and executes a periodic action that becomes enabled first after the given initial delay, and subsequently with the given period; that is executions will commence after initialDelay then initialDelay+period, then initialDelay + 2 * period, and so on. If any execution of the task encounters an exception, subsequent executions are suppressed. Otherwise, the task will only terminate via cancellation or termination of the executor. If any execution of this task takes longer than its period, then subsequent executions may start late, but will not concurrently execute.

Parameters: command the task to execute initialDelay the time to delay first execution period the period between successive executions unit the time unit of the initialDelay and period parameters

Returns: a ScheduledFuture representing pending completion of the task, and whose get() method will throw an exception upon cancellation

Throws: RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be scheduled for execution NullPointerException if command is null IllegalArgumentException if period less than or equal to zero

scheduleWithFixedDelay

public ScheduledFuture scheduleWithFixedDelay(Runnable command, long initialDelay, long delay, TimeUnit unit)
Creates and executes a periodic action that becomes enabled first after the given initial delay, and subsequently with the given delay between the termination of one execution and the commencement of the next. If any execution of the task encounters an exception, subsequent executions are suppressed. Otherwise, the task will only terminate via cancellation or termination of the executor.

Parameters: command the task to execute initialDelay the time to delay first execution delay the delay between the termination of one execution and the commencement of the next unit the time unit of the initialDelay and delay parameters

Returns: a ScheduledFuture representing pending completion of the task, and whose get() method will throw an exception upon cancellation

Throws: RejectedExecutionException if the task cannot be scheduled for execution NullPointerException if command is null IllegalArgumentException if delay less than or equal to zero